Bahrain is the most liberal and tolerant country within the GCC. The Kingdom has a rich mixture of cultures and there are few restrictions beyond those you would find in most western industrialized countries, the main exception being during Ramadan when it is forbidden to eat, drink or smoke in public during daylight hours.
Dress code: There are no restrictions or requirements for dress code; you will see a wonderful variety. During the day it is advisable to observe a ‘normal business’ dress code. For black tie events the norm would be national dress or dinner jackets for gentlemen, evening gowns or cocktail dresses for the ladies who may find it well advised to bring a warm wrap given the prevalence of air conditioning and the fact that it is considered polite to have your shoulders covered at all times.
Greeting: When doing business, handshakes are always used and can last a lot longer than you may be used to. Always use the right hand. Holding hands among men is common so do not be surprised if your hand is held while you are led somewhere. If you are introduced to a woman as a male, it is advisable to wait and see if a hand is extended. If it is not, then do not try to shake hands.
Hospitality: Coffee, or kahwa, is not just a drink it is a ceremony for visitors and guests. Drinking coffee together is a symbol of harmony and trust. Served in tiny porcelain cups with no handles, the coffee will be offered immediately after pouring and it should be taken with the right hand; the cup will not be full. More rounds and refills may well be offered so you should signal when you are finished by shaking your cup slightly from side to side and handing the cup to the coffee server, you should never put the cup down on the table.
Meetings: In Middle Eastern culture, it is often the case that initial meetings are focused on relationship building. Much time may be spent in light conversation and it is advisable to establish an atmosphere of openness and friendship before embarking on business matters.
As with other countries and many walks of life, it is advisable to go out of your way to be punctual for meetings but be patient and not be surprised if someone’s schedule has drifted and your meeting does not start on time.
Decisions are often made more slowly in the Middle East than in some other cultures, partly because decisions often take place by consensus. You are well advised to factor these realities into the way you approach business propositions.
